Closure model block

Listing 19 Closure Model block in XML input file.
  <ParameterList name="Closure Model">
    <ParameterList name="model_id">
	  ...
	  ...
	  ...
    </ParameterList> <!--model_id-->
  </ParameterList> <!--Closure Model-->

Note

The sublist name model_id must match the value specified under Model ID in the Physics Blocks sublist. For example, if Model ID is defined as fluids in the Physics Blocks, the corresponding sublist in Closure Models must also be named fluids.

 1  <ParameterList name="Physics Blocks">
 2    <ParameterList name="FluidPhysicsBlock">
 3      <ParameterList>
 4        <Parameter name="Type" type="string" value="IncompressibleNavierStokes"/>
 5        <Parameter name="Basis Order" type="int" value="1"/>
 6        <Parameter name="Integration Order" type="int" value="2"/>
 7        <Parameter name="Model ID" type="string" value="fluids"/>
 8        <Parameter name="Build Temperature Equation" type="bool" value="true"/>
 9        <Parameter name="Build Buoyancy Source" type="bool" value="true"/>
10      </ParameterList> <!-- -->
11    </ParameterList> <!-- FluidPhysicsBlock -->
12  </ParameterList> <!-- Physics Blocks -->

 1  <ParameterList name="Closure Models">
 2    <ParameterList name="fluids">
 3      <ParameterList name="Fluid Properties">
 4        <Parameter name="Continuity Model" type="string" value="AC"/>
 5        <Parameter name="Build Temperature Equation" type="bool" value="true"/>
 6        <Parameter name="Build Buoyancy Source" type="bool" value="true"/>
 7        <Parameter name="Kinematic viscosity" type="double" value="2.081e-5"/>
 8        <Parameter name="Density" type="double" value="1.225"/>
 9        <Parameter name="Thermal conductivity" type="double" value="0.0262"/>
10        <Parameter name="Specific heat capacity" type="double" value="1000.0"/>
11        <Parameter name="Artificial compressibility" type="double" value="1000.0"/>
12        <Parameter name="Heat capacity ratio" type="double" value="1.0"/>
13        <Parameter name="Expansion coefficient" type="double" value="3.4722e-3"/>
14        <Parameter name="Reference temperature" type="double" value="288.0"/>
15      </ParameterList> <!-- Fluid Properties -->
16      <ParameterList name="DQDT">
17        <Parameter name="Type" type="string" value="IncompressibleTimeDerivative"/>
18      </ParameterList> <!-- DQDT -->
19      <ParameterList name="CONVECTIVE_FLUX">
20        <Parameter name="Type" type="string" value="IncompressibleConvectiveFlux"/>
21      </ParameterList> <!-- CONVECTIVE_FLUX -->
22      <ParameterList name="VISCOUS_FLUX">
23        <Parameter name="Type" type="string" value="IncompressibleViscousFlux"/>
24      </ParameterList> <!-- VISCOUS_FLUX -->
25      <ParameterList name="BUOYANCY_SOURCE">
26        <Parameter name="Type" type="string" value="IncompressibleBuoyancySource"/>
27      </ParameterList> <!-- BUOYANCY_SOURCE -->
28      <ParameterList name="element_length">
29        <Parameter name="Type" type="string" value="ElementLength"/>
30      </ParameterList> <!-- element_length -->
31      <ParameterList name="local_time_step_size">
32        <Parameter name="Type" type="string" value="IncompressibleLocalTimeStepSize"/>
33      </ParameterList> <!-- local_time_step_size -->
34    </ParameterList> <!-- fluids -->
35  </ParameterList> <!-- Closure Models -->
Fluid Properties
Build Viscous Flux
Type:

bool

Value:

True or False

Usage:

Optional

Default:

False

Description:

Add viscous flux to momentum equation.

Build Temperature Equation
Type:

bool

Value:

True or False

Usage:

Optional

Default:

False

Description:

Build the temperature equation.

Build Buoyancy Source
Type:

bool

Value:

True or False

Usage:

Optional

Default:

False

Description:

Add Buoyancy force to momentum equation

Build Viscous Heat
Type:

bool

Value:

True or False

Usage:

Optional

Default:

False

Description:

Add viscous heating to temperature equation

Continuity Model
Type:

string

Value:

AC, EDAC, NCTempEDAC

Usage:

Optional

Default:

AC

Description:

Continuity model to chose between artificial compressibility (AC), entropically damped AC (EDAC), and non-conservative temperature with EDAC.

Density
Type:

double

Value:

\([0;\infty]\)

Usage:

Optional

Default:

1.0

Description:

Fluid density (\(\rho\)).

Kinematic viscosity
Type:

double

Value:

\([0;\infty]\)

Usage:

Required

Description:

Fluid kinematic viscosity (\(\nu\)).

Artificial compressibility
Type:

double

Value:

\([0;\infty]\)

Usage:

Required.

Description:

Artificial compressibility coefficient (\(\beta\)) in the continuity equation.

Thermal conductivity
Type:

double

Value:

\([0;\infty]\)

Usage:

Required if temperature equation is enabled.

Description:

Fluid thermal conductivity (\(\kappa\)).

Specific heat capacity
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Usage:

Required if temperature equation is enabled.

Description:

Fluid specific heat capacity (\(c_p\)).

Expansion coefficient
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Usage:

Required if temperature equation and Buoyancy effects are enabled.

Description:

Fluid thermal expension coefficient (\(\alpha\)) to use with Buoyancy force \(\rho \alpha (T -T_{ref})\).

Reference temperature
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Usage:

Required if temperature equation and Buoyancy effects are enabled.

Description:

Fluid reference temperature (\(T_{ref}\)) to use with Buoyancy force \(\rho \beta (T -T_{ref})\).

 1      <ParameterList name="Fluid Properties">
 2        <Parameter name="Continuity Model" type="string" value="AC"/>
 3        <Parameter name="Build Temperature Equation" type="bool" value="true"/>
 4        <Parameter name="Build Buoyancy Source" type="bool" value="true"/>
 5        <Parameter name="Kinematic viscosity" type="double" value="2.081e-5"/>
 6        <Parameter name="Density" type="double" value="1.225"/>
 7        <Parameter name="Thermal conductivity" type="double" value="0.0262"/>
 8        <Parameter name="Specific heat capacity" type="double" value="1000.0"/>
 9        <Parameter name="Artificial compressibility" type="double" value="1000.0"/>
10        <Parameter name="Heat capacity ratio" type="double" value="1.0"/>
11        <Parameter name="Expansion coefficient" type="double" value="3.4722e-3"/>
12        <Parameter name="Reference temperature" type="double" value="288.0"/>
13      </ParameterList> <!-- Fluid Properties -->
Turbulence Parameters
Turbulence Model Name
Type:

string

Value:

No Turbulence Model, Spalart-Allmaras, Chien K-Epsilon, Standard K-Epsilon, Realizable K-Epsilon, K-Omega, SST K-Omega, K-Tau, WALE

Usage:

Required

Description:

Name of the turbulence model to use.

1      <ParameterList name="Turbulence Parameters">
2        <Parameter name="Turbulence Model Name" type="string" value="K-Tau"/>
Spalart-Allamras turbulence model

The Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model has no user-exposed parameters in the input file.

Standard K-Epsilon turbulence model

The Standard K-Epsilon turbulence model has no user-exposed parameters in the input file.

Realizabe K-Epsilon turbulence model

The Realizable K-Epsilon turbulence model has no user-exposed parameters in the input file.

K-Omega turbulence model
sigma_k
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.6

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient that multiplies the turbulent eddy viscosity \(\nu_t\) to compute the diffusivity coefficient of the turbulent kinetic energy equation: \(\nu + \sigma_k \nu_t\).

sigma_w
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.5

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient that multiplies the turbulent eddy viscosity \(\nu_t\) to compute the diffusivity coefficient of the turbulent dissipation equation: \(\nu + \sigma_w \nu_t\).

beta_star
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.09

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Controls the turbulent kinetic energy destruction term.

gamma
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.52

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Multiplies the production term in the specific dissipation rate equation.

beta_0
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.0708

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Controls the destruction term in the specific dissipation rate equation.

sigma_d
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.125

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Multiplies the cross-diffusion term in the dissipation rate equation.

Limit Production Term
Type:

bool

Value:

true, false

Default:

true

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Limits the production term in the turbulent kinetic energy. The production term is limited to 20 times the destruction term.

1      <ParameterList name="Turbulence Parameters">
2        <Parameter name="Turbulence Model Name" type="string" value="K-Omega"/>
3        <Parameter name="Limit Production Term" type="bool" value="false"/>
4      </ParameterList> <!-- Turbulence Parameters -->
K-Tau turbulence model
sigma_k
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.6

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient that multiplies the turbulent eddy viscosity \(\nu_t\) to compute the diffusivity coefficient of the turbulent kinetic energy equation: \(\nu + \sigma_k \nu_t\) (inverse of the turbulent Prandtl number).

sigma_w
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.5

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient that multiplies the turbulent eddy viscosity \(\nu_t\) to compute the diffusivity coefficient of the turbulent dissipation equation: \(\nu + \sigma_w \nu_t\) (inverse of the turbulent Prandtl number).

beta_star
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.09

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Controls the turbulent kinetic energy destruction term.

gamma
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.52

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Multiplies the production term in the specific dissipation rate equation.

beta_0
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.0708

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Controls the destruction term in the specific dissipation rate equation.

sigma_d
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.125

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Multiplies the cross-diffusion term in the dissipation rate equation.

sigma_t
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.5

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Multiplies the destruction term in \(\tau\) equation.

Limit Production Term
Type:

bool

Value:

true, false

Default:

true

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Limits the production term in the turbulent kinetic energy. The production term is limited to 10 times the destruction term.

Limit Destruction Term
Type:

bool

Value:

true, false

Default:

true

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Limits the destruction term in the \(\tau\) equation.

1      <ParameterList name="Turbulence Parameters">
2        <Parameter name="Turbulence Model Name" type="string" value="K-Tau"/>
3        <Parameter name="Limit Production Term" type="bool" value="false"/>
4        <ParameterList name="SUPG Parameters">
5          <Parameter name="Tau model" type="string" value="Transient"/>
6          <Parameter name="SUPG coefficient" type="double" value="0.1"/>
7        </ParameterList> <!-- SUPG Parameters -->
8      </ParameterList> <!-- Turbulence Parameters -->
Chien K-Epsilon turbulence model
Boundary Surface Area
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Usage:

Required

Description:

Surface area of the boundary that has the “Friction Velocity” Scalar response.

Note

The friction velocity is computed on a wall surface area using a scalar response. The scalar response is defined in the input file by the user. The wall surface area is to be set as the Boundary Surface Area.

1      <ParameterList name="Turbulence Parameters">
2        <Parameter name="Turbulence Model Name" type="string" value="Chien K-Epsilon"/>
3        <Parameter name="Boundary Surface Area" type="double" value="1.0"/>
4      </ParameterList> <!-- Turbulence Parameters -->
SST turbulence model
sigma_k1
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.85

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient that multiplies the turbulent eddy viscosity \(\nu_t\) to compute the diffusivity coefficient of the turbulent kinetic energy equation: \(\nu + (\sigma_{k1} f + \sigma_{w1} (1. -f ) \nu_t\).

sigma_w1
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.5

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient that multiplies the turbulent eddy viscosity \(\nu_t\) to compute the diffusivity coefficient of the turbulent kinetic energy equation: \(\nu + (\sigma_{k1} f + \sigma_{w1} (1. -f )) \nu_t\).

sigma_k2
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.85

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient that multiplies the turbulent eddy viscosity \(\nu_t\) to compute the diffusivity coefficient of the turbulent kinetic energy equation: \(\nu + (\sigma_{k2} f + \sigma_{w2} (1. -f )) \nu_t\).

sigma_w2
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.5

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient that multiplies the turbulent eddy viscosity \(\nu_t\) to compute the diffusivity coefficient of the turbulent kinetic energy equation: \(\nu + (\sigma_{k2} f + \sigma_{w2} (1. -f )) \nu_t\).

beta_star
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.09

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Control the turbulence length scale denoted by \(A\) in the log region. \(A\) decreases as beta_star increases.

a_1
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.31

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Tuning parameter used in the turbulent eddy viscosity \(\nu_t\).

beta_1
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.075

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient used to compute gamma_1 that controls the blending of the production term in the dissipation rate equation.

beta_2
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.828

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient used to compute gamma_2 that controls the blending of the production term in the dissipation rate equation.

sigma_w1
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.5

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient used to compute gamma_1 that controls the blending of the production term in the dissipation rate equation.

sigma_w2
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.856

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Tuning parmater used in the positive part of the cross diffusion term. This parameter is also used to compute gamma_2 that controls the blending of the production term in the dissipation rate equation.

kappa
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.075

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient used to compute gamma_1 and gamma_2 that control the blending of the production term in the dissipation rate equation.

Limit Production Term
Type:

bool

Value:

true, false

Default:

true

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Limits the production term in the turbulent kinetic energy. The production term is limited to 20 times the destruction term.

1      <ParameterList name="Turbulence Parameters">
2        <Parameter name="Turbulence Model Name" type="string" value="SST K-Omega"/>
3        <Parameter name="Limit Production Term" type="bool" value="true"/>
4      </ParameterList> <!-- Turbulence Parameters -->
WALE turbulence model
C_w
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.275

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Value of the wall coefficient used in the WALE turbulence model to adjust dissipation in the turbulent boundary layers.

LES Element Length
Type:

string

Value:

ElementLength, MeasureElementLength, MetricTensorElementLength, SingularValueElementLength

Default:

ElementLength

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Method to compute the local mesh size \(\Delta\) when using WALE turbulence model.

Element Length Method
Type:

string

Value:

singular_value_min, singular_value_max

Usage:

Required when setting LES Element Length to SingularValueElementLength.

Description:

SingularValueElementLength computes the eigenvalues of the local cell Jacobian matrix. singular_value_min returns the minimum local eigenvalue while singular_value_max returns the maximum local eigenvalue.

C_k
Type:

double

Value:

\((0;\infty]\)

Default:

0.094

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Value of the sub-grid kinetic energy coefficient used in the WALE turbulence model to adjust dissipation in the turbulent boundary layers \(\left(\frac{\nu_t}{C_k\Delta}\right)^2\) where \(\Delta\) is a measure of the local mesh size..

1      <ParameterList name="Turbulence Parameters">
2        <Parameter name="Turbulence Model Name" type="string" value="WALE"/>
3        <Parameter name="C_w" type="double" value="0.275"/>
4        <Parameter name="LES Element Length" type="string" value="ElementLength"/>
5      </ParameterList> <!-- Turbulence Parameters -->
SUPG Parameters
Tau model
Type:

string

Value:

Steady, Transient, NoSUPG

Usage:

Required

Description:

Model for stabilization parameter used in SUPG numerical method.

Tau coefficient
Type:

double

Value:

\([0;1]\)

Default:

0.5

Conflict:

None

Usage:

Optional

Description:

Coefficient that multiplies the stabilization parameter \(\tau\) defined with Tau model.

1        <ParameterList name="SUPG Parameters">
2          <Parameter name="Tau model" type="string" value="Transient"/>
3          <Parameter name="SUPG coefficient" type="double" value="0.1"/>
4        </ParameterList> <!-- SUPG Parameters -->
5      </ParameterList> <!-- Turbulence Parameters -->
Stability Parameters
GradDiv Stabilization Coefficient
Type:

double

Value:

\([0;\infty]\)

Usage:

Required

Description:

Stabilization coefficient denoted by \(\gamma\) used in the Grad-Div stabilization method: \(\nabla ( \gamma \nabla \vec{u} )\).